Authors: Berihu Mengs Gebrehiwet

In Engineering

By Science Publishing Group

The quest for alternative matrices for plant tissue culture is a continuing process. Agar is one of the utmost common coagulating agents in plant in vitro clonal propagation. Pure grade agar has high value price and fear of over manipulation of its resources affected searching for low cost options. Therefore, liquid medium supplement with silica gel, glass beads and sands substratum and agar in two steps of micro propagation (seedling proliferation and root induction) were investigated. The shoot multiplication in the cytokinins hormone of 2.5mg/l BA and 0.5mg/l KN supported by 7g/l agar and alternative matrices has been produced 33.1 shoots and 5.3 shoot length in sands and agar. There is none significant difference among shoot number and shoot length on the agar and sands on shoot multiplication and plant, and there is significant difference in glass beads and silica gel compared with sand/agar in the shoot multiplication, and there is highly significance in shoot length in the matrices of plant support. Pineapple root induced in auxins hormone in vitro culture of plant propagation in half strength MS media, 30g/l sugar, 1mg/l NAA and 7g/l agar. The higher root number in sands 10.6 and followed 10 in silica gel and agar supported matrices. The root length also none significant difference among means treatments in agar, glass beads and sands. However, there is a significance difference with silica gel in root length. These silica gel, glass beads and sands used as agar gels to support and aeration plantlets.

Authors: Rajyasri Roy

In Engineering, Other

By Science Publishing Group

Every individual aspire to live a healthy and prosperous life free of diseases and disorders. Living a healthy life implies not necessarily a physical state of well-being, but also it includes one’s good mental health too. A person may be born with a predisposition to a mental health disorder or he or she may acquire disorders due to negative influences from environments during his or her lifetime. Therefore shaping someone’s state of mind in a positive way, addressing mental, emotional or behavioral problems from a very early age is extremely important. Quite naturally, influence of schools in this regard is immense and a supportive, flourishing school environment act to a great extent to promote mental health of a child positively. Present studyaims to understand and highlight key aspects from the responses that come up as specific measures or activities taken by school or teachers for good mental health of the children and also to find out different measures/activities taken by a school or the teachers for promotion of positive and sustainable mental health among the students The method employed being the Interview method and the tool used being the Questionnaire designed by the researcher for interviewing teachers in a high school. Interviews of five assistant teachers of the school were conducted based on the questionnaire prepared and their responses were noted on the questionnaire. Qualitative analysis of the quantitative interpretation of the data collected were discussed to achieve in depth understanding of the role played by school in promoting sustainable mental health of a student.

Authors: Jiahe Gao , Haibo Wen , Shenao Zhu , Shihui Dong , Shijie Su , Jian Zhang

In Engineering, Other

By Science Publishing Group

Flash butt welding, a mainstream welding method employed in producing anchor chains, is a critical manufacturing process affecting the quality of anchor chains. Ultrasonic and load testing are used to evaluate the welding quality of anchor chains, but the cost of checking and replacing unqualified chain links is high. A deep learning-based quality evaluation method for flash butt welding is proposed to reduce the cost of detecting and replacing substandard chain links. First, displacement and current sensors collect electrode position and current signals during welding. Second, since the number of qualified anchor links is much larger than that of unqualified ones, a new data synthesis method is proposed: nearest-neighbor splicing sampling, which achieves the enhancement of minority samples by segmenting and combining existing data samples according to the features of anchor chain welding. Then, a piecewise linear interpolation method is used to handle the varying data length problem, thus satisfying the input requirements of the convolutional neural network (CNN). Finally, a CNN model is established, and dropout is used to reduce the over-fitting phenomenon. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the under-sampling method, over-sampling method, and nearest-neighbor splicing sampling method are 93.8%, 95.9%, and 96.3%, respectively, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the CNN model are 95.7%, 93%, and 94.3%, respectively, which are better than those of the support vector machine (SVM).

Authors: Namwon Paik , Younghyo Park , Namkyung Kim , Yonghee Kim , Doyeon Kim , Hyunyoung Hong

In Engineering, Environment

By Science Publishing Group

According to a few reports recently published, cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) is a state-of-the-art technique in the field of environmental science. Studies reported the performance of CAP in the removal of particulate matter (PM) and microorganisms, including fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The CAP also effectively removed the odor, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and numerous chemicals, including formaldehyde. However, studies on the control of PM and carbon dioxide (CO2) in sports facilities are limited. This study was conducted in two parts. In Part 1, the levels of indoor PM10, PM2.5, PM1.0, and CO2 were measured in two sports facilities, including a table tennis center and a fitness center, to determine the occupants’ exposure levels to the pollutants. In part 2, the performance of the CAP technique in the reduction of airborne concentrations of PM10 and CO2 was investigated. The PM10 concentrations were significantly higher in the fitness center than in the table tennis center. The concentration ratios of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1.0 to PM10 concentrations were 1.00, 0.95, and 0.81, respectively. The CO2 concentrations were significantly higher in table tennis centers where aerobic exercise was predominant. The performance of CAP on the removal of PM10 and CO2 was highly promising. The average reduction rates against PM10 and CO2 concentrations were 69% and 35%, respectively. Further studies on the performance of CAP against other pollutants, such as total volatile organic compounds and microorganisms in sports facilities are needed.